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Wiki99/music theory

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This is the Wiki99 list for topics about music theory.

About

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Wiki99 is the idea to have a list of about 99 Wikipedia articles which should be translated into as many languages as possible in order to establish common understanding in a field.

If the Wikipedia articles have at least been started, then access them in available languages by clicking through.

Translations start with structured data translation in Wikidata, then proceed to translation of prose in Wikipedia.

Wiki99 list

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Physics of sound

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1frequencynumber of occurrences or cycles per time107Q11652172
2harmonyprocess by which individual sounds are joined together or composed into whole units or compositions59Q18442181
3timbrequality of a musical note or sound or tone51Q17650141
4harmoniccomponent of a wave whose frequency is a multiple of the fundamental frequency33Q11480986
5acousticsscience that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound76Q8281171
6intervalphysical quantity; ratio between two sonic frequencies, often measured in cents, a unit derived from the logarithm of the frequency ratio52Q189962122
7rhythmaspect of music74Q17040671
8chordharmonic set of three or more notes63Q17043981
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699

Music Creation

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1musical instrumentdevice created or adapted to make musical sounds105Q34379163
2singingact of producing musical sounds with the voice85Q27939102
3musicianperson who composes, conducts or performs music81Q639669173
4musical groupmusical ensemble which performs music50Q215380101
5music composingaction or process of creating or writing of music; art of creating music24Q118957637
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609

Music as a discipline

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1music theorystudy of the theoretical aspects of music and its notation51Q19354491
2solmizationsystem associating syllables to musical notes21Q2230641
3conservatoryeducational institution specialized in the study, training and research of music52Q1846447
4rehearsalpractice performance24Q175177541
5musicologyscientific discipline whose content is the practical and theoretical study of music71Q16420481
6music educationfield of study associated with the teaching and learning of music28Q279085
7solfègesystem of describing and teaching notes of a musical scale39Q1595632
8sight readingmusic term; reading and performing of a piece of music or song in music notation that the performer has not seen before27Q8822544
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Music Production and Commercial Music

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1record producerindividual who oversees and manages the recording of an artist's music68Q18394581
2music studiomusic recording facilityQ681550592
3albumgrouping of album releases by an artist usually released at the same time with the same title and tracks but in different formats for consumption (digital, CD, LP)76Q482994151
4concertlive performance of music66Q18283292
5music streaming servicetype of online service for consuming music5Q155903364
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Ancient Music

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1Divje Babe flutealleged bone flute found in Divje Babe Cave18Q1777287111
2Lyres of Urancient musical instruments found in Iraq15Q91605621
3Boethius ♂ (480–524)Roman senator and philosopher of the early 6th century66Q102851353
4Pythagoras ♂Greek philosopher and mathematician (c. 570 – c. 495 BC)120Q10261373
5Kassia ♀ (810–865)Byzantine abbess, poet, composer, and hymnographer33Q263592191
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Music Genres

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1pop music (1950–)genre of popular music92Q37073193
2rock music (1948–)popular music genre96Q11399182
3jazz (1917–)musical style and genre106Q8341214
4rapmusical genre characterized by the practice of rapping; art movement; musical delivery involving rhythmic speech82Q6010132
5country music (1920–)genre of American popular music76Q83440132
6classical musicbroad tradition of Western art music101Q9730163
7funk (1965–)music genre that originated in African-American communities in the mid-1960s when African-American musicians created a rhythmic, danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul music, psychedelic rock, jazz, and rhythm and blues (R&B)65Q164444122
8gospel musicgenre of music emphasizing Christian lyrics54Q180268122
9reggae (1961–)music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s92Q9794153
10independent musiccollective term for music scene that acts independently of corporate music industry35Q422016
11techno (1984–)genre of electronic dance music57Q17061171
12Hindustani classical musicart music of northern regions of the Indian subcontinent26Q17706952
13Ottoman classical musictraditional music of the Ottoman Empire12Q151806331
14Gregorian chantform of song53Q26473121
15bossa nova (1958–)style of Brazilian music57Q4862636
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Western Classical Music Theory

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1scaleset of musical notes ordered by pitch64Q17965151
2twelve-tone equal temperamentmusical tuning system that divides an octave into 12 evenly-spaced frequencies on a logarithmic scale5Q210875603
3intervalphysical quantity; ratio between two sonic frequencies, often measured in cents, a unit derived from the logarithm of the frequency ratio52Q189962122
4majormusical quality34Q587956597
5minormusical quality35Q128273916
6voice leadingdecision-making consideration when arranging voices in musical composition11Q20278772
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Western Contemporary Music Theory

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1modetype of musical scale43Q73197810
2Lydian Chromatic Concept of Tonal Organizationbook by George Russell4Q67077077
3diminished triada triad consisting of a root, a minor third, and a diminished fifth; e.g. C–E♭–G♭16Q25855673
4whole tone scalescale in which each note is separated from its neighbors by a whole tone; in 12-tone equal temperament, there are only two complementary whole tone scales24Q84487731
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Western Classical Music Composers

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1Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart ♂ (1756–1791)Austrian composer of the Classical period (1756-1791)131Q254618
2Ludwig van Beethoven ♂ (1770–1827)German composer (1770–1827)129Q255626
3Johann Sebastian Bach ♂ (1685–1750)German composer (1685–1750)140Q1339638
4George Frideric Handel ♂ (1685–1759)German-British Baroque composer (1685–1759)102Q7302444
5Franz Schubert ♂ (1797–1828)Austrian composer (1797–1828)102Q7312406
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Western Contemporary Composers

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1George Gershwin ♂ (1898–1937)American composer and pianist (1898–1937)70Q123829525
2Miles Davis ♂ (1926–1991)American jazz trumpeter, bandleader, and composer (1926–1991)77Q93341413
3John Coltrane ♂ (1926–1967)American jazz saxophonist (1926–1967)57Q7346401
4John Williams ♂ (1932–)American composer and conductor (born 1932)68Q131285353
5Hans Zimmer ♂ (1957–)German film composer (born 1957)74Q76364312
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Ottoman Classical Music

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1Ottoman classical musictraditional music of the Ottoman Empire12Q151806331
2Turkish makamsystem of melodic modes used in traditional Turkish music4Q12945574
3Chahargahmusical modal system in traditional mugham music and one of the seven Dastgāhs of Persian Music5Q64880142
4Rastname of a scale in different musical traditions6Q72952372
5yedenleading tone in Ottoman Classical Music1Q1230241143
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Indian Carnatic Music

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1ragamelodic mode in Indian music44Q21692661
2Indian classical musicancient music and music theories from the Indian subcontinent40Q132369851
3Carnatic musicmusic genre originating in southern India29Q9568835
4Charukesi26th raga in the Melakarta6Q352024261
5svaranote in the octave (Indian classical music)12Q73805032
6Kaushiki Chakrabarty ♀ (1980–)Indian classical vocalist14Q2784868152
7Janya ragaIndian melodic mode derived from a raga in the Melakarta5Q353439041
8raga rock (1965–)Microgenre of rock music17Q17029095
9Rashid Khan ♂ (1968–2024)Indian musician16Q4781922221
10talameter, time cycle measure in Indian music19Q18965717
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777

Instruments

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1piano (1720–)musical keyboard instrument109Q5994164
2guitarfretted string instrument123Q6607235
3violinbowed string instrument108Q8355196
4flutemusical instrument of the woodwind family101Q11405113
5drumtype of musical instrument of the percussion family102Q11404134
6taikoJapanese percussion instruments35Q22176931
7djemberope-tuned skin-covered goblet drum played with bare hands, originally from West Africa39Q53775071
8sitarplucked stringed instrument used in Hindustani classical music58Q22920591
9mbiraAfrican musical instrument of the lamellophone family35Q146796091
10maracapercussion instrument played by holding and shaking in hands44Q3977761
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