Learning patterns/GLAM 提携関係を成功に導く
どんな課題が解決されるでしょうか?
GLAM ボランティア、GLAM 機関とウィキメディア・ドイツ支部の協働は、多様で対応は非常に柔軟です – 関係者全員にとってやりがいがあるのはそのためです。その多様性を織り込み、GLAM 機関100件前後との 提携関係における WMDE の経験より、一定の推奨事項をまとめています。下記の「点検リスト」には、GLAM 機関との提携を始める時点で注視する要点と避けるべき点を提示しました。
解決策は?
1. 準備
提携関係を結ぶためには、初回の会合に準備をよく整えて臨むことが最善の基本です。以下の質問を想定して、できる限り、事前に答えを検討してみましょう。ウィキメディアの視点に立ち、果たして 当該の提携関係は有益であるかどうか計るものです。事前に考えることが難しいなら、会合の場で答えを探ります。ほとんどの回答が「いいえ」の場合は、協働関係を肯定的に論じることは難しそうです。
コンテンツ:
提携関係の可能性を探る上で、最初の設問は次のとおりです。先方の機関には、ウィキメディアのいずれかのプロジェクトが関心を寄せそうなコンテンツを保有しているか? 該当するコンテンツとは、歴史的資料、科学系のデータ集、台帳、あるいは動画や写真、 画像や資料をスキャナにかけた電子データなどです。
第2の設問は、コンテンツの質について。該当するコンテンツはすでにデジタルデータになっていますか? その割合は? この設問の明確な答えが事前に調べきれなかった場合は、初回の会合で必ず議題にします。
第3の設問は、電子化データの著作権に関連します。会合の前に一例として先方の機関のウェブサイトを確かめ、掲載されたデータの再利用の規定を探しておきます。通常、その種の情報は非表示にされがちで、個別の収蔵品の横、展示の詳細情報、使用の規定ほかに埋もれていることがあります (全く見当たらない場合もあります)。コンテンツはパブリックドメインと認められるか、あるいは先方機関がライセンス供与を決める法的立場を有するか、会合で協議する価値があります。
ボランティア:
もしも先方機関からウィキメディアのプロジェクト群が飛びつくようなコンテンツの提供がない場合も、提携関係には意義があり得ます。一例として、ある図書館が著作権で保護された資料のみを保持されていて、先方からウィキメディアとの提携に関心を示されるかもしれません。この場合には、先方にウィキメディアのボランティアの関心範囲に適合する資料がないか、調べる必要があります。リソースとして、エデイタソンに使える会場、もしくは特定の主題に関する参考資料の利用ができるかも含まれます。代案として、いつも熱心に貢献されるボランティアの皆さんをねぎらうため、何がしかの協力を得られないか、可能性を探します。劇場を例にすると、特別に舞台裏を案内してもらう見学会なら、ボランティアの皆さんの努力に対して心からの謝意を示す好機になるでしょう。
提携関係を検討するには、なるべく早い時期から、ウィキメディアのプロジェクトのボランティアの皆さんに協議に参加してもらうことが肝心です。その人たちが当該の協働関係に自ら関与したいかどうか計るためです。いずれの場合にも提携関係が成立すると、早晩、ボランティアの関与が求められます。しかしボランティアが関心を寄せないなら、当該の提携関係は優先順位を下げる対象になり得ます (実際に降格すべき)。
ボランティア関連の全く視点が異なる設問として、 先方機関にすでにボランティア制度があり、ウィキメディアのボランティアとの共同作業を介して、ウィキメディアの趣旨に賛同していただける可能性を考えます。この角度から検討すると、歴史関連の組織との協議はたいへん興味深く、関心をひくオープンコンテンツ自体の手当はできなくても有意義です。
皆さんがウィキメディアの提携団体として、これら設問に肯定的な解答ができ、かつ/または肯定的な評価が出せる場合は、当該の提携関係に見出す意義がより明確になるはずです。
連絡先:
連絡を取る先方の相手は、地位が高いほど有利です。もし先方にウィキメディアのプロジェクトの経験とボランティアとの共同作業への関与がすでにあるなら、それも好条件です。会合には短くても1時間を当てます。. 会合に先立ち、ウィキメディアとの提携関係がもたらす機会を理解してもらうため、あらかじめ先方のご担当に資料として例えばGLAM パンフレット (リンク先はドイツ語資料 ) を送付しておきましょう。実際に会合の日時を申し入れるときパンフレットの内容や載せてある論点に言及して、会合の席上。詳しく説明すると約束することもできます。
2. 会合
趣旨:
Collaborating means working on something together. Everyone knows that motivation to work increases when there is a clear benefit to the partner. It is therefore important that you present strong arguments as to why a partnership with Wikimedia is beneficial for a GLAM institution. Make sure that you have checked all the points mentioned above in advance and have a clear goal in mind. The ultimate aim is a win–win situation.
構成:
The initial meeting usually has an informal structure:
- Small talk
- Introductions
- Arguments for collaboration
- Presentation of own interests
- Pointing out opportunities presented by collaboration
- Discussion of potential obstacles
- Reaching agreement / decision on next steps
Arguments:
- Presence: By collaborating with Wikimedia, an institution can increase its online presence through including its content or contributions in Wikimedia projects. For the institution, this results in greater attention, more visitors both online and offline, more contributors, more sponsors, and ultimately greater importance – including with regard to grant funds. There is no guarantee that these things will happen, but the partnership greatly improves an institution’s prospects.
- Findability: A partnership with Wikimedia makes it easier to find an institution’s content, metadata etc., as it places it in a wider and more general context. Also, Wikipedia is often more user-friendly and familiar than museum homepages or online archives.
- Others are doing it too: The fact that similar or notable institutions have already entered into collaboration with your Wikimedia organization is very powerful argument.
- Understanding Wikimedia: There is no ignoring the “Wikimedia phenomenon” – it is just as important for institutions to understand and, ideally, get involved with this phenomenon as it is to have a website and be active on social media.
- New perspectives: The free re-use of data and content can give rise to new products and issues that help the institution tap into new target groups.
- Social responsibility / Educational mandate: Citizens have a right to access cultural content that has been financed by tax revenues.
Opportunities presented by the collaboration:
What can we achieve together? To answer this question you should try to paint as clear a picture as possible of what form the partnership could take. At the same time, however, make it clear that the collaboration can be developed in a very individual way. We recommend suggesting some of the tried-and-tested collaboration formats below in the meeting to help illustrate the concept behind the partnership. The arguments listed above can easily be woven into this part of the discussion.
ウィキメディア・ドイツ支部 がまとめた書式集:
Choosing a format:
How do you decide which format is most suitable?
- Completing the GLAM questionnaire in the meeting, which you can find in the GLAM brochure, should help provide an initial overview of the situation.
- An institution with no previous experience of collaborations with Wikimedia should start off with formats such as KulTour or GLAM on Tour. These events allow volunteers and employees of the institution to learn more about a topic of common interest and to develop content together.
- The Wikiversum World Café is a very good format for new collaborations as it informs employees or volunteers of a GLAM institution about Wikimedia projects and motivates them to get personally involved. However, the World Café format is only suitable if the institution can provide at least 20 participants of its own for the event.
- A QRpedia project requires many volunteers who are willing to write missing articles in various languages. The institution must be prepared to display the QRpedia codes and the Wikimedia Foundation must allow for the use of the Wikipedia logo.
- To participate in Coding da Vinci, the institution must already have a large number of digitized data sets and be willing to make these data available under a free license.
- ©© change your mind is a fun workshop for employees of GLAM institutions that aims to facilitate the designation of content with a free license.
- Sending out a Wikipedian in Residence is only effective if the institution has not only laid the groundwork for free licenses and digitization, but has also begun the necessary work involved. The Wikipedian in Residence can then train and advise his or her colleagues in creating closer ties to the Wikiverse.
Determining the next steps:
At the end of the meeting, both sides should have a clear idea of what is to be done next and what joint activities are to be planned. Ideally, you should send a follow-up email thanking your contact for the meeting and reiterating in writing any agreements that were made. When will what be done and by whom? When must which steps be taken?
It can also be useful, particularly from an organizational perspective, to draw up a collaboration agreement where all participants’ tasks and work packages are put down in writing and signed by both parties. Many institutions are used to working within clearly defined processes and will appreciate this. Commitment is the key foundation of any collaboration – it creates trust. So be careful not to promise anything you won’t be able to deliver.
3. Snags and obstacles
Of course, there are always going to be things that make collaboration difficult. Here are some brief reminders of obstacles you may encounter:
- The issue of free licenses is often a sticking point when deciding whether to enter into a collaboration. For example, an institution hosting a photo excursion as part of a KulTour has the right to prohibit commercial re-use of the images. But then it would be of no use to Wikimedia volunteers to take any photos.
- Collaboration can be logistically difficult if a project requires the participation of volunteers, but the institution is only available for collaborative work during regular working hours.
- If an institution believes it has the right to final edit or even prohibit the publishing of Wikipedia articles that arise through the collaboration, or to influence any other volunteer activities, it is mistaken. The volunteers are free to decide how they work. This should be clearly communicated beforehand.
- No one can guarantee the institution that formats involving the participation of Wikimedia project volunteers will end up exactly as planned. These activities are open and based on voluntary contribution. This can cause frustration, so it is important to mention the possibility of failure early on to keep disappointment to a minimum.
- Keep in mind, that for many institutions it might still be unusual not to have an institutional partner but volunteers to cooperate with. In this case your local Wikimedia chapter could fill the gap as intermediary.
Of course, these are just a few tips that we recommend you bear in mind when first meeting with an institution. The most important foundations for collaboration are trust, patience and perseverance. Sometimes an institution is actually interested, but it is just not the right moment. In these instances, broaching the subject again at a later date might still result in a partnership. Usually, showing a genuine interest in the institution and its valuable content during the meeting will convince your contact partner to enter into a collaboration. Everything else ultimately comes down to negotiating skills and a good dose of luck to be in the right place at the right time.
関連項目
関連の学習パターン
- GLAM 機関もしくは一般機関との契約書の書き方
- 提携する文化機関を GLAM 機関に勧誘するには
- ©©-意識を変える - オープンライセンスの実習を楽しむ
- GLAM ツアー - 地域レベルで文化機関とウィキペディアンが出会う場
- ウィキペディアの KulTour – GLAM ツアーのミニ版
- コーディング・ダビンチ - 文化主題のハッカソン
- ウィキバース世界カフェ - ウィキメディアのプロジェクト群とボランティアに出会う
外部リンク
- GLAM パンフレット (ドイツ語)
- GLAM ちらし (ドイツ語)
- GLAM ツアーちらし (ドイツ語)
- ウィキバース世界カフェちらし (ドイツ語)
- CC 意識を変える講習会ちらし (ドイツ語)
- 動画 『ウィキペディア、GLAM ツアーに出る』 (英語字幕付き)
- 皆さんの活動報告の投稿を『今月の GLAM』ニュースレターでお待ちしています。原稿執筆はこちらをご利用ください。
推薦
- This pattern has been very helpful during the design phase of Ireland's Wikimedian in Residence program. We met with a manager from Cancer Research UK who recently completed a Wikimedian Residency, which he presented the results of at a Science Communications conference in Ireland. He gave us insight on how to approach organisations about the program and what benefits to highlight. He also provided additional advice on how to encourage in house editors to continue editing (by keeping in close contact with them). Due to this discussion we are looking beyond the cultural and government organisations we have been targeting towards other non-profit organisations in Ireland. We look forward to putting this into place in Ireland in 2016. The full report can be seen here Sameichel (talk) 11:21, 18 December 2015 (UTC)
- I would like to add my initial thoughts about the continuity of these partnerships and what it requires from both parties: the Wikimedia representative and the memory organization. It is important to encourage and support the enthusiastic individuals in the memory organizations as well as in the movement, but to base the long-term collaboration between organizations, usually a chapter: follow up, support, fund, connect, generate new ways to engage. This is valid also for niche topics and small chapters. In the process of creating partnerships, we are also creating new experts in the movement and in the organizations, who will have enormous impact when they disseminate their learnings in their circles. Relationships may start our small and take time, but an engaged memory institution is likely get more engaged, and in different ways. They get involved, because they see the mutual benefit. A relationship with a memory organization is a long-term affair that has to be fostered. (Created as part of IEG/Wikimaps Warper 2.0/Midpoint report)--Susannaanas (talk) 06:28, 17 April 2016 (UTC)