Kannada Language Workshop/Resources-Wiktionary

Help Pages

• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Help:How_to_edit_a_page
• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Help:Starting_a_new_page
• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Help:Writing_definitions
• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Criteria_for_inclusion
• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Wiktionary:Entry_layout
• https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Help:Internal_links

Help: How to Edit a Page

Editing Overview Wiktionary allows users to freely edit pages to improve definitions, add content, and fix errors.

Editing a Page:

1. Click the "Edit" button at the top of the page.
2. Make changes using the text editor.
3. Preview your edits by clicking the "Show preview" button.
4. Add an edit summary to explain your changes.
5. Click "Save changes" to finalize.

Basic Formatting:

• Bold: Use text to bold a word.
• Italics:' Use text to italicize a word.
• Links: Use link to create a hyperlink.

Best Practices:

• Keep edits constructive and consistent with Wiktionary guidelines.
• Provide references when adding definitions.
• Avoid editing other users' contributions unless necessary for corrections.

Help: Starting a New Page

Creating a New Page When creating a new page, ensure that it meets the inclusion criteria.

Steps to Create:

1. Search for the Word: Check if the page already exists by searching.
2. Create the Page: If the word does not exist, type the word in the search bar and click "Create the page."
3. Add Essential Sections: Include Etymology, Pronunciation, Part of Speech, Definitions, and other relevant sections.

Example:

== Etymology ==
From the Greek word "λόγος" (logos), meaning "word" or "speech."

== Pronunciation ==
* IPA(key): /ˈwɜːd/

== Part of Speech ==
* Noun

== Definitions ==
# A single distinct meaningful element of speech or writing.

Avoid:

• Creating pages for words that do not meet Wiktionary's criteria.
• Pages that lack sufficient references or reliable sources.

Help: Writing Definitions

How to Write Clear Definitions Definitions should be precise, clear, and unambiguous.

Steps for Writing Definitions:

1. Be Concise: Keep definitions short but informative.
2. Provide Context: Use examples or related terms where necessary.
3. Avoid Circular Definitions: Don't use the word you're defining in its own definition.

Example:

==== Definition ====
# A small mammal commonly kept as a pet, often in cages.

Clarify Multiple Meanings: When a word has multiple meanings, each meaning should be numbered and described separately. Use the correct part of speech for each definition.

Wiktionary: Criteria for Inclusion

Criteria for Including a Word: A word must meet specific standards to be included in Wiktionary.

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Attestation: The word must be used in printed or digital sources.
2. Significance: It must be relevant in some way—either in common usage or a specialized field.
3. Sufficient Information: The word should have a clear definition, preferably with examples and references.

Example of an Attested Word:

== Etymology ==
From Latin "verbum," meaning "word."

== Pronunciation ==
IPA(key): /ˈwɜːd/

== Definition ==
# A unit of language used to convey meaning.

Avoid:

• Fictional or obscure words without sufficient usage evidence.
• Offensive or vulgar terms unless they have academic or historical relevance.

Wiktionary: Entry Layout

Entry Structure A Wiktionary entry should be organized with a specific layout to ensure clarity.

Basic Layout: 1. Header: Include the word and part of speech (e.g., "Verb," "Noun"). 2. Etymology: Origin and historical context of the word. 3. Pronunciation: Phonetic representation (IPA) and hyphenation. 4. Definitions: Meaning of the word, numbered and distinct. 5. Synonyms/Antonyms: Related words with similar or opposite meanings. 6. Usage Notes: Any important notes about the word's usage. 7. References: Cite sources for definitions and etymology.

Example:

== Noun ==
'''Word'''  
# A unit of language that carries meaning.

Help: Internal Links

Creating Internal Links Internal links are used to link related terms within Wiktionary.

How to Create:

1. Use double square brackets to link to another page: Word.
2. Internal links are useful to direct users to related concepts, synonyms, antonyms, or derived terms.

Example:

See also: [[Language]], [[Dictionary]], [[Word]]

Avoid:

• Over-linking or linking irrelevant terms.
• Linking to pages without context or clear explanations.

Creating New Entry

This guide provides detailed instructions for creating and editing entries on Kannada and Tulu Wiktionaries.

Etymology

Description: The etymology section explains the origin of the word. This includes its historical roots, borrowed languages, or derivations (e.g., from Sanskrit, Pali, or Dravidian languages).

Useful Templates: {{derived}}, {{borrowed}}

=== Etymology ===
From Sanskrit स्मित (smita), meaning "smile" or "gentle laughter."

Standard Operating Procedure (SOP):

1. Identify the origin of the word (consult etymology dictionaries if needed).
2. Specify whether the word is derived, borrowed, or native.
3. Use appropriate templates like {{borrowed|language}}.

Pronunciation

Description: This section provides phonetic guidance using IPA, hyphenation, and accent information.

Useful Templates: {{IPA}}

=== Pronunciation ===
* IPA(key): /na.gu/
* Hyphenation: ನ‧ಗು

SOP:

1. Use IPA for precise pronunciation.
2. Break the word into syllables using the hyphenation format.
3. Double-check IPA transcription using resources like IPA help pages.

Part of Speech

Description: This section identifies the part of speech (Noun, Verb, Adjective, Pronoun, etc.) of the word.

Useful Templates: {{head}}

'''ನಗು''' • (''nagu'')  
# A facial expression signifying happiness or joy.  
# (figuratively) A gentle grin.

SOP:

1. Identify the grammatical category of the word.
2. Use {{head}} to indicate the part of speech.
3. Include multiple definitions if the word has varied meanings.

Definition

Description: The main meaning(s) of the word, listed clearly and concisely. Include examples where applicable.

Useful Templates: {{lb}}

==== Definition ====
# A facial expression signifying happiness or joy.  
# (figuratively) A gentle grin or smile.

SOP:

1. Number each definition.
2. Add contexts using {{lb}}.
3. Avoid redundancy by keeping definitions distinct.

Declension/Conjugation

Description: Lists grammatical variations (case endings for nouns, verb tenses, etc.).

Useful Templates: {{kn-decl-noun}}, {{kn-verb-conj}}

==== Declension ====
'''Singular:'''
* Nominative: ನಗು (nagu)
* Accusative: ನಗುವನ್ನು (naguannu)

'''Plural:'''
* Nominative: ನಗಿಗಳು (nagigaḷu)

SOP:

1. List singular and plural forms for nouns.
2. For verbs, include present, past, and future conjugations.
3. Use existing templates for Kannada declensions ({{kn-decl-noun}}) if available.

Synonyms

Description: Lists alternative words with the same or similar meaning.

Useful Templates: {{synonyms}}, {{see also}}

==== Synonyms ====
* ''ಮುಗ್ಗುಟು'' (mugguṭu)  
* ''ಚಿರುಚಿರುಹಾಸ್ಯ'' (ciruciruhāsya)

SOP:

1. Include words with close meanings.
2. Use {{synonyms}} for clarity.
3. Avoid listing words with significant contextual differences.

Derived Terms

Description: Lists words or phrases derived from the main word.

Useful Templates: {{derived}}

==== Derived Terms ====
* ''ನಗುಹಾಸ್ಯ'' (naguhāsya) – Smile with laughter

SOP:

1. Include commonly used derivatives.
2. Ensure that derived terms are relevant and accurately linked.

Usage Notes

Description: Explains additional details about how the word is used, such as poetic contexts, regional differences, or specific cultural connotations.

Useful Templates: {{usage}}

==== Usage Notes ====
Frequently used to describe simple happiness or joy in both casual and formal Kannada.

SOP:

1. Add notes for non-standard usage (e.g., poetic forms).
2. Mention any ambiguities in the word's meaning or application.

Example Sentences

Description: Provides sentences demonstrating the word in use, including Kannada text, transliteration, and English translation.

Useful Templates: {{example}}, {{transliteration}}

==== Example Sentences ====
# ಹುಡುಗನ ಮುಖದಲ್ಲಿ ನಗು ಮೂಡಿತು.  
# ''huḍugana mukhadalli nagu mūḍitu.''  
# A smile appeared on the boy's face.

SOP:

1. Use real-world examples reflecting proper usage.
2. Provide transliterations and translations for better accessibility.

See Also

Description: Links to related words or concepts.

==== See Also ====
* ''ಮುಗ್ಗುಟು'' (mugguṭu) – Grin  
* ''ಚಿರುಹಾಸ್ಯ'' (ciruhāsya) – Gentle smile

SOP:

1. Link relevant words with related meanings.
2. Ensure interwiki links for related entries.

External Links

Description: Provides additional resources for further reading (e.g., Wikidata, dictionaries).

Useful Templates: {{Wikidata}}

==== External Links ====
* [https://kn.wiktionary.org/wiki/ನಗು Kannada Wiktionary Entry]

References

Description: Cite sources or references for definitions, etymology, or usage.

Useful Templates: {{reflist}}

==== References ====
<ref>Kannada Dictionary, Oxford Press.</ref>
<ref>Sanskrit Etymology Dictionary.</ref>